Why are Railway Wheels Tapered
Railway wheels are tapered for at least two reasons, to facilitate smooth movement along the track.
First, keep wheels, axles, trucks and cars centered on the track on straightaways, reducing wheel and track wear.
Secondly, because of the taper, in a curve the wheel will travel up on the outside of the curve. This makes the part of the wheel that actually contacts the rails (either the inside or the outside) slightly different in diameter. This accommodates a slight increase in rolling distance between the inner and outer wheels in corners. This will help prevent the wheels from derailing.
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